One important aspect of Black history related to medical patents is the story of Sarah Breedlove, who is better known as Madam C.J. Walker. She was an African American entrepreneur, philanthropist, and activist who became one of the first self-made female millionaires in the United States.

Madam C.J. Walker is best known for developing a successful line of beauty and haircare products for Black women. In 1905, she created a scalp conditioning and healing formula that helped to promote hair growth and combat scalp infections. She obtained a patent for her "Madam Walker's Wonderful Hair Grower" in 1905, making her one of the first Black women to receive a U.S. patent for a beauty product.

Madam C.J. Walker's success in the beauty industry not only made her wealthy but also empowered other Black women to become entrepreneurs and take control of their own economic destinies. Her story is a testament to the ingenuity and resilience of Black inventors and entrepreneurs in the face of systemic racism and discrimination.